init: v1.0.0
This commit is contained in:
@@ -0,0 +1,650 @@
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// Copyright 2010 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
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// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
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// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
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// This file implements multi-precision rational numbers.
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//go:build gmp
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// +build gmp
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package gmp
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/*
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#include <gmp.h>
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#include <stdlib.h>
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// Macros
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int __mpq_sgn(mpq_ptr op) {
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return mpq_sgn(op);
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}
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int __mpz_cmp_ui(mpz_ptr op, unsigned long n) {
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return mpz_cmp_ui(op, n);
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}
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mpz_ptr _mpq_numref(mpq_t op) {
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return mpq_numref(op);
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}
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mpz_ptr _mpq_denref(mpq_t op) {
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return mpq_denref(op);
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}
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// Sign of the numerator
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int _mpq_num_sgn(mpq_t op) {
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return mpz_sgn(mpq_numref(op));
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}
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*/
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import "C"
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import (
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"encoding/binary"
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"errors"
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"fmt"
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"math"
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"runtime"
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"strings"
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"unsafe"
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)
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// A Rat represents a quotient a/b of arbitrary precision.
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// The zero value for a Rat represents the value 0.
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type Rat struct {
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i C.mpq_t
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init bool
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}
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// Finalizer - release the memory allocated to the mpz
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func ratFinalize(z *Rat) {
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if z.init {
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runtime.SetFinalizer(z, nil)
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C.mpq_clear(&z.i[0])
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z.init = false
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}
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}
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// Rat promises that the zero value is a 0, but in gmp
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// the zero value is a crash. To bridge the gap, the
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// init bool says whether this is a valid gmp value.
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// doinit initializes z.i if it needs it.
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func (z *Rat) doinit() {
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if z.init {
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return
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}
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z.init = true
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C.mpq_init(&z.i[0])
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runtime.SetFinalizer(z, ratFinalize)
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}
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// Clear the allocated space used by the number
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//
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// This normally happens on a runtime.SetFinalizer call, but if you
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// want immediate deallocation you can call it.
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//
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// NB This is not part of big.Rat
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func (z *Rat) Clear() {
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ratFinalize(z)
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}
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// NewRat creates a new Rat with numerator a and denominator b.
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func NewRat(a, b int64) *Rat {
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return new(Rat).SetFrac64(a, b)
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}
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// SetFloat64 sets z to exactly f and returns z.
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// If f is not finite, SetFloat returns nil.
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func (z *Rat) SetFloat64(f float64) *Rat {
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if math.IsNaN(f) || math.IsInf(f, 0) {
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return nil
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}
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z.doinit()
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C.mpq_set_d(&z.i[0], C.double(f))
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return z
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}
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// Float64Gmp returns the nearest float64 value for z and a bool indicating
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// whether f represents z exactly. If the magnitude of z is too large to
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// be represented by a float64, f is an infinity and exact is false.
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// The sign of f always matches the sign of z, even if f == 0.
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//
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// NB This uses GMP which is fast but rounds differently to Float64
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func (z *Rat) Float64Gmp() (f float64, exact bool) {
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z.doinit()
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f = float64(C.mpq_get_d(&z.i[0]))
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if !(math.IsNaN(f) || math.IsInf(f, 0)) {
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exact = new(Rat).SetFloat64(f).Cmp(z) == 0
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}
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return
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}
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// low64 returns the least significant 64 bits of natural number z.
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func low64(z *Int) uint64 {
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// FIXME not wildy efficient!
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t := new(Int).SetUint64(0xffffffffffffffff)
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t.And(t, z)
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return t.Uint64()
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}
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// quotToFloat returns the non-negative IEEE 754 double-precision
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// value nearest to the quotient a/b, using round-to-even in halfway
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// cases. It does not mutate its arguments.
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// Preconditions: b is non-zero; a and b have no common factors.
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func quotToFloat(a, b *Int) (f float64, exact bool) {
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// TODO(adonovan): specialize common degenerate cases: 1.0, integers.
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alen := a.BitLen()
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if alen == 0 {
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return 0, true
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}
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blen := b.BitLen()
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if blen == 0 {
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panic("division by zero")
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}
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// 1. Left-shift A or B such that quotient A/B is in [1<<53, 1<<55).
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// (54 bits if A<B when they are left-aligned, 55 bits if A>=B.)
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// This is 2 or 3 more than the float64 mantissa field width of 52:
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// - the optional extra bit is shifted away in step 3 below.
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// - the high-order 1 is omitted in float64 "normal" representation;
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// - the low-order 1 will be used during rounding then discarded.
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exp := alen - blen
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a2, b2 := new(Int).Set(a), new(Int).Set(b)
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if shift := 54 - exp; shift > 0 {
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a2.Lsh(a2, uint(shift))
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} else if shift < 0 {
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b2.Lsh(b2, uint(-shift))
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}
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// 2. Compute quotient and remainder (q, r). NB: due to the
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// extra shift, the low-order bit of q is logically the
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// high-order bit of r.
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q, r := new(Int).DivMod(a2, b2, new(Int)) // (recycle a2)
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mantissa := low64(q)
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haveRem := r.Sign() != 0 // mantissa&1 && !haveRem => remainder is exactly half
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// 3. If quotient didn't fit in 54 bits, re-do division by b2<<1
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// (in effect---we accomplish this incrementally).
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if mantissa>>54 == 1 {
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if mantissa&1 == 1 {
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haveRem = true
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}
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mantissa >>= 1
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exp++
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}
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if mantissa>>53 != 1 {
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panic("expected exactly 54 bits of result")
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}
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// 4. Rounding.
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if -1022-52 <= exp && exp <= -1022 {
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// Denormal case; lose 'shift' bits of precision.
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shift := uint64(-1022 - (exp - 1)) // [1..53)
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lostbits := mantissa & (1<<shift - 1)
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haveRem = haveRem || lostbits != 0
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mantissa >>= shift
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exp = -1023 + 2
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}
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// Round q using round-half-to-even.
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exact = !haveRem
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if mantissa&1 != 0 {
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exact = false
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if haveRem || mantissa&2 != 0 {
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if mantissa++; mantissa >= 1<<54 {
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// Complete rollover 11...1 => 100...0, so shift is safe
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mantissa >>= 1
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exp++
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}
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}
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}
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mantissa >>= 1 // discard rounding bit. Mantissa now scaled by 2^53.
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f = math.Ldexp(float64(mantissa), exp-53)
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if math.IsInf(f, 0) {
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exact = false
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}
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return
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}
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// Float64 returns the nearest float64 value for z and a bool indicating
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// whether f represents z exactly. If the magnitude of z is too large to
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// be represented by a float64, f is an infinity and exact is false.
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// The sign of f always matches the sign of z, even if f == 0.
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func (z *Rat) Float64() (f float64, exact bool) {
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a := z.Num()
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negative := false
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if a.Sign() < 0 {
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a.Neg(a)
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negative = true
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}
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b := z.Denom()
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f, exact = quotToFloat(a, b)
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if negative {
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f = -f
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}
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return
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}
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// SetNum sets the numerator of z returning z
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//
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// NB this isn't part of math/big which uses Num().Set() for this
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// purpose. In gmp Num() returns a copy hence the need for a SetNum()
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// method.
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func (z *Rat) SetNum(a *Int) *Rat {
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z.doinit()
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a.doinit()
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C.mpq_set_num(&z.i[0], &a.i[0])
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C.mpq_canonicalize(&z.i[0])
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return z
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}
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// SetDenom sets the numerator of z returning z
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//
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// NB this isn't part of math/big which uses Num().Set() for this
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// purpose. In gmp Num() returns a copy hence the need for a SetNum()
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// method.
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func (z *Rat) SetDenom(a *Int) *Rat {
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z.doinit()
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a.doinit()
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C.mpq_set_den(&z.i[0], &a.i[0])
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// If numerator is zero don't canonicalize
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if C._mpq_num_sgn(&z.i[0]) != 0 {
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C.mpq_canonicalize(&z.i[0])
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}
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return z
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}
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// SetFrac sets z to a/b and returns z.
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func (z *Rat) SetFrac(a, b *Int) *Rat {
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z.doinit()
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a.doinit()
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b.doinit()
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// FIXME copying? or referencing?
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C.mpq_set_num(&z.i[0], &a.i[0])
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C.mpq_set_den(&z.i[0], &b.i[0])
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C.mpq_canonicalize(&z.i[0])
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return z
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}
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// SetFrac64 sets z to a/b and returns z.
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func (z *Rat) SetFrac64(a, b int64) *Rat {
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z.doinit()
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if b == 0 {
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panic("division by zero")
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}
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// Detect overflow if running on 32 bits
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if a == int64(C.long(a)) && b == int64(C.long(b)) {
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if b < 0 {
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a = -a
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b = -b
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}
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C.mpq_set_si(&z.i[0], C.long(a), C.ulong(b))
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C.mpq_canonicalize(&z.i[0])
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if b < 0 {
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// This only happens when b = 1<<63
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z.Neg(z)
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}
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} else {
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// Slow path but will work on 32 bit architectures
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z.SetFrac(NewInt(a), NewInt(b))
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}
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return z
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}
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// SetInt sets z to x (by making a copy of x) and returns z.
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func (z *Rat) SetInt(x *Int) *Rat {
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z.doinit()
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// FIXME copying? or referencing?
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C.mpq_set_z(&z.i[0], &x.i[0])
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return z
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}
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// SetInt64 sets z to x and returns z.
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func (z *Rat) SetInt64(x int64) *Rat {
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z.SetFrac64(x, 1)
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return z
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}
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// Set sets z to x (by making a copy of x) and returns z.
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func (z *Rat) Set(x *Rat) *Rat {
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if z != x {
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z.doinit()
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C.mpq_set(&z.i[0], &x.i[0])
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}
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return z
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}
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// Abs sets z to |x| (the absolute value of x) and returns z.
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func (z *Rat) Abs(x *Rat) *Rat {
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z.doinit()
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C.mpq_abs(&z.i[0], &x.i[0])
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return z
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}
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// Neg sets z to -x and returns z.
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func (z *Rat) Neg(x *Rat) *Rat {
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z.doinit()
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C.mpq_neg(&z.i[0], &x.i[0])
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return z
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}
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// Inv sets z to 1/x and returns z.
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func (z *Rat) Inv(x *Rat) *Rat {
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z.doinit()
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x.doinit()
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if x.Sign() == 0 {
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panic("division by zero")
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}
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C.mpq_inv(&z.i[0], &x.i[0])
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return z
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}
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// Sign returns:
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//
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// -1 if z < 0
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// 0 if z == 0
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// +1 if z > 0
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//
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func (z *Rat) Sign() int {
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z.doinit()
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return int(C.__mpq_sgn(&z.i[0]))
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}
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// IsInt returns true if the denominator of z is 1.
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func (z *Rat) IsInt() bool {
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z.doinit()
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return C.__mpz_cmp_ui(C._mpq_denref(&z.i[0]), C.ulong(1)) == 0
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}
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// Num returns the numerator of z; it may be <= 0. The result is a
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// copy of z's numerator; it won't change if a new value is assigned
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// to z, and vice versa. The sign of the numerator corresponds to the
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// sign of z.
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//
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// NB In math/big this is a reference to the numerator not a copy
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func (z *Rat) Num() *Int {
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// Return an initialised *Int so we don't initialize or finalize it by accident
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z.doinit()
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res := new(Int)
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res.doinit()
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C.mpq_get_num(&res.i[0], &z.i[0])
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return res
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}
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// Denom returns the denominator of z; it is always > 0. The result
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// is a copy of z's denominator; it won't change if a new value is
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// assigned to z, and vice versa.
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//
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// NB In math/big this is a reference to the denominator not a copy
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func (z *Rat) Denom() *Int {
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// Return an initialised *Int so we don't initialize or finalize it by accident
|
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z.doinit()
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res := new(Int)
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res.doinit()
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C.mpq_get_den(&res.i[0], &z.i[0])
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return res
|
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}
|
||||
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// Cmp compares z and y and returns:
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//
|
||||
// -1 if z < y
|
||||
// 0 if z == y
|
||||
// +1 if z > y
|
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//
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func (z *Rat) Cmp(y *Rat) (r int) {
|
||||
z.doinit()
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y.doinit()
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r = int(C.mpq_cmp(&z.i[0], &y.i[0]))
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if r < 0 {
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r = -1
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} else if r > 0 {
|
||||
r = 1
|
||||
}
|
||||
return
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Add sets z to the sum x+y and returns z.
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func (z *Rat) Add(x, y *Rat) *Rat {
|
||||
x.doinit()
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y.doinit()
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z.doinit()
|
||||
C.mpq_add(&z.i[0], &x.i[0], &y.i[0])
|
||||
return z
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Sub sets z to the difference x-y and returns z.
|
||||
func (z *Rat) Sub(x, y *Rat) *Rat {
|
||||
x.doinit()
|
||||
y.doinit()
|
||||
z.doinit()
|
||||
C.mpq_sub(&z.i[0], &x.i[0], &y.i[0])
|
||||
return z
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Mul sets z to the product x*y and returns z.
|
||||
func (z *Rat) Mul(x, y *Rat) *Rat {
|
||||
x.doinit()
|
||||
y.doinit()
|
||||
z.doinit()
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||||
C.mpq_mul(&z.i[0], &x.i[0], &y.i[0])
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return z
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||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Quo sets z to the quotient x/y and returns z.
|
||||
// If y == 0, a division-by-zero run-time panic occurs.
|
||||
func (z *Rat) Quo(x, y *Rat) *Rat {
|
||||
x.doinit()
|
||||
y.doinit()
|
||||
z.doinit()
|
||||
if y.Sign() == 0 {
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||||
panic("division by zero")
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||||
}
|
||||
C.mpq_div(&z.i[0], &x.i[0], &y.i[0])
|
||||
return z
|
||||
}
|
||||
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||||
func ratTok(ch rune) bool {
|
||||
return strings.IndexRune("+-/0123456789.eE", ch) >= 0
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Scan is a support routine for fmt.Scanner. It accepts the formats
|
||||
// 'e', 'E', 'f', 'F', 'g', 'G', and 'v'. All formats are equivalent.
|
||||
func (z *Rat) Scan(s fmt.ScanState, ch rune) error {
|
||||
tok, err := s.Token(true, ratTok)
|
||||
if err != nil {
|
||||
return err
|
||||
}
|
||||
if strings.IndexRune("efgEFGv", ch) < 0 {
|
||||
return errors.New("Rat.Scan: invalid verb")
|
||||
}
|
||||
if _, ok := z.SetString(string(tok)); !ok {
|
||||
return errors.New("Rat.Scan: invalid syntax")
|
||||
}
|
||||
return nil
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// SetString sets z to the value of s and returns z and a boolean indicating
|
||||
// success. s can be given as a fraction "a/b" or as a floating-point number
|
||||
// optionally followed by an exponent. If the operation failed, the value of
|
||||
// z is undefined but the returned value is nil.
|
||||
func (z *Rat) SetString(s string) (*Rat, bool) {
|
||||
if len(s) == 0 {
|
||||
return nil, false
|
||||
}
|
||||
z.doinit()
|
||||
a := new(Int)
|
||||
b := new(Int)
|
||||
|
||||
// check for a quotient
|
||||
sep := strings.Index(s, "/")
|
||||
if sep >= 0 {
|
||||
// FIXME Num and Denom are bust
|
||||
// if _, ok := z.Num().SetString(s[0:sep], 10); !ok {
|
||||
// return nil, false
|
||||
// }
|
||||
// if _, ok := z.Denom().SetString(s[sep+1:], 10); !ok {
|
||||
// return nil, false
|
||||
// }
|
||||
if _, ok := a.SetString(s[0:sep], 10); !ok {
|
||||
return nil, false
|
||||
}
|
||||
if _, ok := b.SetString(s[sep+1:], 10); !ok {
|
||||
return nil, false
|
||||
}
|
||||
z.SetFrac(a, b)
|
||||
C.mpq_canonicalize(&z.i[0])
|
||||
return z, true
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// check for a decimal point
|
||||
sep = strings.Index(s, ".")
|
||||
// check for an exponent
|
||||
e := strings.IndexAny(s, "eE")
|
||||
exp := new(Int)
|
||||
if e >= 0 {
|
||||
if e < sep {
|
||||
// The E must come after the decimal point.
|
||||
return nil, false
|
||||
}
|
||||
if _, ok := exp.SetString(s[e+1:], 10); !ok {
|
||||
return nil, false
|
||||
}
|
||||
s = s[0:e]
|
||||
}
|
||||
if sep >= 0 {
|
||||
s = s[0:sep] + s[sep+1:]
|
||||
exp.Sub(exp, NewInt(int64(len(s)-sep)))
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
if _, ok := a.SetString(s, 10); !ok {
|
||||
return nil, false
|
||||
}
|
||||
absExp := new(Int).Abs(exp)
|
||||
powTen := new(Int).Exp(_Int10, absExp, nil)
|
||||
if exp.Sign() < 0 {
|
||||
b = powTen
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
a.Mul(a, powTen)
|
||||
b.SetInt64(1)
|
||||
}
|
||||
z.SetFrac(a, b)
|
||||
C.mpq_canonicalize(&z.i[0])
|
||||
|
||||
return z, true
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// string returns z in the base given
|
||||
func (z *Rat) string(base int) string {
|
||||
if z == nil {
|
||||
return "<nil>"
|
||||
}
|
||||
z.doinit()
|
||||
p := C.mpq_get_str(nil, C.int(base), &z.i[0])
|
||||
s := C.GoString(p)
|
||||
C.free(unsafe.Pointer(p))
|
||||
return s
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// String returns a string representation of z in the form "a/b" (even if b == 1).
|
||||
func (z *Rat) String() string {
|
||||
s := z.string(10)
|
||||
if !strings.Contains(s, "/") {
|
||||
s += "/1"
|
||||
}
|
||||
return s
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// RatString returns a string representation of z in the form "a/b" if b != 1,
|
||||
// and in the form "a" if b == 1.
|
||||
func (z *Rat) RatString() string {
|
||||
return z.string(10)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// FloatString returns a string representation of z in decimal form with prec
|
||||
// digits of precision after the decimal point and the last digit rounded.
|
||||
func (z *Rat) FloatString(prec int) string {
|
||||
if z.IsInt() {
|
||||
s := z.string(10)
|
||||
if prec > 0 {
|
||||
s += "." + strings.Repeat("0", prec)
|
||||
}
|
||||
return s
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
a := z.Num()
|
||||
a.Abs(a)
|
||||
b := z.Denom()
|
||||
q, r := new(Int).DivMod(a, b, new(Int))
|
||||
|
||||
p := _Int1
|
||||
if prec > 0 {
|
||||
p = new(Int).Exp(_Int10, NewInt(int64(prec)), nil)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
r.Mul(r, p)
|
||||
r2 := new(Int)
|
||||
r.DivMod(r, b, r2)
|
||||
|
||||
// see if we need to round up
|
||||
r2.Add(r2, r2)
|
||||
if b.Cmp(r2) <= 0 {
|
||||
r.Add(r, _Int1)
|
||||
if r.Cmp(p) >= 0 {
|
||||
q.Add(q, _Int1)
|
||||
r.Sub(r, p)
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
s := q.string(10)
|
||||
if z.Sign() < 0 {
|
||||
s = "-" + s
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
if prec > 0 {
|
||||
rs := r.string(10)
|
||||
leadingZeros := prec - len(rs)
|
||||
s += "." + strings.Repeat("0", leadingZeros) + rs
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
return s
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Gob codec version. Permits backward-compatible changes to the encoding.
|
||||
const ratGobVersion byte = 1
|
||||
|
||||
// GobEncode implements the gob.GobEncoder interface.
|
||||
func (z *Rat) GobEncode() ([]byte, error) {
|
||||
bufa := z.Num().Bytes()
|
||||
bufb := z.Denom().Bytes()
|
||||
buf := make([]byte, 1+4) // extra bytes for version and sign bit (1), and numerator length (4)
|
||||
buf = append(buf, bufa...)
|
||||
buf = append(buf, bufb...)
|
||||
const j = 1 + 4
|
||||
n := len(bufa)
|
||||
if int(uint32(n)) != n {
|
||||
// this should never happen
|
||||
return nil, errors.New("Rat.GobEncode: numerator too large")
|
||||
}
|
||||
binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[1:5], uint32(n))
|
||||
b := ratGobVersion << 1 // make space for sign bit
|
||||
if z.Sign() < 0 {
|
||||
b |= 1
|
||||
}
|
||||
buf[0] = b
|
||||
return buf, nil
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// GobDecode implements the gob.GobDecoder interface.
|
||||
func (z *Rat) GobDecode(buf []byte) error {
|
||||
if len(buf) == 0 {
|
||||
return errors.New("Rat.GobDecode: no data")
|
||||
}
|
||||
b := buf[0]
|
||||
if b>>1 != ratGobVersion {
|
||||
return fmt.Errorf("Rat.GobDecode: encoding version %d not supported", b>>1)
|
||||
}
|
||||
const j = 1 + 4
|
||||
i := j + binary.BigEndian.Uint32(buf[j-4:j])
|
||||
num := new(Int).SetBytes(buf[j:i])
|
||||
den := new(Int).SetBytes(buf[i:])
|
||||
if b&1 != 0 {
|
||||
num.Neg(num)
|
||||
}
|
||||
z.SetFrac(num, den)
|
||||
return nil
|
||||
}
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user